Ulcerative colitis is an inflammation of the lining of the large bowel (colon). The exact cause of ulcerative colitis remains unknown, but doctors believe it involves a combination of immune system problems, genetics, and environmental triggers. This entity increases the risk of developing cancer; therefore, patients are followed carefully with repeated colonoscopy and biopsy.
Symptoms
- Cramping and abdominal pain.
- Diarrhea.
- Fever.
- Weight loss.
- Bloating.
Treatment
Initial treatment of ulcerative colitis is medical, using antibiotics and anti-inflammatory medications. These are usually necessary on a long-term basis. "Flare-ups" of the disease can often be treated by increasing the dosage of medications or adding new medications. Hospitalization may be necessary to put the bowel to rest.
Surgery
Surgery is indicated for patients who have life-threatening complications of inflammatory bowel diseases, such as massive bleeding, perforation, or infection. It may also be necessary for those who have the chronic form of the disease, which fails medical therapy. It is important that the patient feel confident that all reasonable medical therapy has been attempted prior to considering surgical therapy. Patients who have long-standing ulcerative colitis have an increased risk of developing colon cancer. There are multiple surgical options available for this illness. Cases must be individualized; we recommend you visit one of our physicians to discuss options in detail.
Note: The materials presented in this section are for general information and do not substitute for medical advice. Patients have the right to receive accurate, easily understood information about their health plans, professionals, and facilities, and to a choice of health care providers sufficient to ensure access to appropriate high-quality health care.